[温家宝] 谢谢你。我想起了诺贝尔奖金获得者，一位经济学家叫舒尔茨的一句话，他说世界大多数是贫困人口，如果你懂得了穷人的经济学，那么你就会懂得经济学当中许多重要的原理。世界大多数贫穷人当中，又主要是以农业为生计的。如果你懂得了农业，那你就真正懂得了穷人的经济学。
Wen: Thank you. Your question has reminded me of remarks made by Nobel laureate economist Theodore Schultz. He said most of the people in the world are poor. So if we knew the economics of the poor, we would know much of the economics that really matter. Most of the world's poor people earn their living from agriculture. So if we knew the economics of agriculture, we would know much of the economics of being poor.
我不是经济学家，但我深知农业、农民和农村问题在中国的极端重要性。没有农村的小康，就不会有全国的小康。没有农村的现代化，就不会有全国的现代化。
I am no economist, but I am deeply aware of the paramount importance of agriculture, rural areas and farmers in China. Without moderate prosperity in the countryside, there will be no moderate prosperity for the whole country. Without modernization in the countryside, there will be no modernization for the whole country.
我对中国农村的改革和发展是有长远考虑的，可以划分为两个阶段。
第一个阶段就是实行了家庭经营的基本经济制度，给农民以生产经营的自主权，极大地解放了农村的生产力。I do have a long-term plan for rural reform and development. It has two phases. In the first phase, we introduced the basic economic system of a family contract responsibility system, which in essence was to give greater autonomy to the farmers in production and management. As a result, it has liberalized productivity in the countryside.
第二个阶段就是实行工业反哺农业，城市支持农村的方式，对农民多予、少取、放活。我以为我们现在开始进入了第二个阶段。
In the second phase, we should make industry nurture agriculture and cities support the countryside. We should give more to, take less from and liberalize the countryside. I believe we have entered the second phase now.
在第二个阶段我们做好四件事情。第一，推进以税费改革为主要内容的农村各项改革。
We must accomplish four jobs for the second phase. One is to promote rural reforms with rural tax and administrative fee reforms as the central task.
第二，加强以农田水利设施和农业科技推广为主要内容的农村生产力建设。
Second, we should improve productivity in the countryside by building water conservancy projects and promoting wider applications of agriculture-related science and technology.
第三，发展农村的教育、科技、文化等各项社会事业。
Third, we should develop education, science, technology, culture and other social undertakings in the countryside.
第四，推进以村民自治、村级直接选举和县、乡两级政务公开为主要的基层民主建设。
Fourth, we should promote primary-level democracy by ways of self-governance among villagers, direct elections at the village level and greater transparency in government affairs at the county and township levels.
[美国CNN记者] 我想问一个关于《反分裂国家法》的问题。根据这部法律，中国有权采取非和平的方式，您能不能向我们解释一下什么样的方式就算是非和平的方式呢？如果中国遇到了一个范围更为广阔的冲突，美国也参加进来了，在这种情况下，中国是不是要建设一支能够打得赢的军队？就像您在政府工作报告中所讲的那样。
CNN: The question I would ask is about the Anti-Secession Law. In the legislation you stated what you would call China's right to use non-peaceful means against Taiwan. Could you clarify what those means could be? And if there is a conflict, a broader conflict with the United States, could China build an army that could win any war it has to fight, as you stated in your address to the NPC?
[温家宝] 谢谢你的提问。首先我还是想说明这是一部什么样的法律。这不是针对台湾人民的一部法律，而是反对和遏制“台独”势力的法律；这不是一部战争的法律，而是和平统一国家的法律；这不是一部改变两岸同属一个中国现状的法律，而是有利于台海地区和平和稳定的法律。
Wen: First of all, let me explain again what kind of law the Anti-Secession Law is.
It is by no means promulgated against the people in Taiwan. It is to oppose and check Taiwan Independence forces. It is by no means a war bill, it is for peaceful reunification of the country. It is not aimed at changing the status quo in the Taiwan Straits, which is that both sides belong to one China. It is conducive to peace and stability in the Taiwan Straits.
其次，我要讲一讲台海的现状是什么，这是一个重大问题。世界上只有一个中国，尽管大陆与台湾没有实现统一，但是丝毫没有改变一个中国的现实。这就是当前台海的现状。
Second, let me talk about what the status quo in the Taiwan Straits is, which is a very important question. There is only one China in the world. Although the mainland and Taiwan have not been reunified, the fact that there is only one China has never changed even in the slightest way. That is the status quo in the Taiwan Straits.
第三，你所说的采用非和平方式的三种情况都是我们不愿意看到的。因此，只要有一线希望，我们就会尽最大的努力推进国家的和平统一。
Third, there are three scenarios according to the law where non-peaceful means will be executed. These three scenarios are the last thing we wish to see. So long as there is a ray of hope, we will do our utmost to promote a peaceful reunification.
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2007-03-05 
